Understanding PSA and Its Importance in Men’s Health

What Is PSA?
PSA stands for Prostate-Specific Antigen, a protein produced by the prostate gland. It is naturally present in small amounts in a man's blood, but elevated levels may indicate underlying prostate conditions, including prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostate cancer.

Why Is PSA Testing Important?
PSA testing is a simple blood test that measures the concentration of PSA in your blood. It's one of the most widely used tools for early detection of prostate cancer, especially in men over the age of 50. Early-stage prostate cancer often has no symptoms, so testing can catch problems before they become serious.

Who Should Get a PSA Test?
Healthcare professionals generally recommend PSA screening for:
Men aged 50 and older;
Men aged 40–49 with a family history of prostate cancer;
African American men, who are at higher risk;
Men experiencing urinary symptoms (e.g., frequent urination, weak stream).
Talk to your doctor about the benefits and potential risks of PSA testing based on your personal risk factors.

Interpreting PSA Test Results
Normal PSA levels: Usually considered to be below 4.0 ng/mL;
Borderline levels: Between 4.0 and 10.0 ng/mL – may require further testing
High levels: Above 10.0 ng/mL – increased risk of prostate cancer
Note: High PSA does not always mean cancer. It can also be caused by infection or inflammation.

How to Prepare for a PSA Test
Before your test, avoid:
Ejaculation for 24–48 hours;
Vigorous exercise, especially cycling;
Recent prostate examinations or procedures;
Certain medications – ask your doctor.
Following these guidelines helps ensure accurate test results.

Lifestyle Tips for a Healthy Prostate
While genetics and age are beyond your control, you can take steps to support prostate health:
Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables;
Exercise regularly；
Maintain a healthy weight；
Limit red meat and high-fat dairy；
Stay hydrated；
Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.

PSA testing is a valuable tool in protecting men’s health. Regular screenings, especially for those at higher risk, can lead to early detection and better outcomes. Stay informed, live proactively, and consult your healthcare provider about the right screening schedule for you.