The History of Cannabis Usage and Legislation in the United States

19th Century: Early Use and Acceptance

Before 1900: Cannabis was commonly used in medicines and tinctures sold in pharmacies across the United States. It was widely accepted for its therapeutic properties without significant regulation.

Early 20th Century: Rising Restrictions

1910s: Anti-cannabis sentiment began rising, largely due to its association with Mexican immigrants after the Mexican Revolution. Negative stereotypes fueled public concern.

1937: The Marihuana Tax Act effectively prohibited cannabis use nationwide, criminalizing possession and distribution, marking the first major federal action against cannabis.

Mid-20th Century: Federal Criminalization

1970: The Controlled Substances Act (CSA) classified cannabis as a Schedule I drug, labeling it as highly addictive with no accepted medical use, intensifying criminalization efforts.

Late 20th Century: Decriminalization and Medical Use Begins

1973: Oregon became the first U.S. state to decriminalize cannabis possession, reducing penalties for minor possession offenses.

1996: California became the first state to legalize medical marijuana through Proposition 215, marking a turning point in cannabis legislation.

Early 21st Century: Expansion of Medical Legalization

2000s: Numerous states followed California’s lead, legalizing medical marijuana, including Colorado, Washington, and Maine.

2010s: Recreational Legalization Emerges

2012: Colorado and Washington became the first states to legalize recreational marijuana, setting a trend for broader legalization.

2014-2020: More states, including Alaska, Oregon, and California, legalized recreational cannabis use.

2020s: Widespread Legalization and Federal Debates

2021: New York and Virginia legalized recreational marijuana, contributing to a growing number of states allowing personal cannabis use.

2023: Over 20 states have legalized recreational marijuana, while more than 30 states have legalized medical marijuana.

Current Trends and Future Outlook

The trend toward cannabis legalization continues to grow across the United States. However, cannabis remains classified as a Schedule I substance under federal law, creating a complex legal landscape for businesses and consumers.

Conclusion
The history of cannabis legislation in the U.S. reflects shifting public perceptions and ongoing policy debates. As more states embrace legalization, the future may see federal reforms aligning with state-level decisions.